Citation:

Riris Arifianto, Sinto Sunaryo. "Effect of Inclusive Leadership on Psychological Distress and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Role of Work Engagement" International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 493-498, 2023.

Abstract:

The figure of a leader will have an important role in reducing the psychological pressure nurses feel during a pandemic and how leaders can maximise Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) employees. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether inclusive leadership can reduce the psychological pressure felt by nurses and whether the leader figure is able to maximise OCB attitudes, taking into account the function of work engagement. This study was conducted using a survey method with cross-sectional data from a sample of 288 nurses at RSUD dr Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri using the g-form questionnaire and analysed with SEM-PLS. The results showed that there is a significant negative between inclusive leadership and psychological distress. Secondly, there is a significant positive between inclusive leadership and OCB; thirdly, there is a significant positive relationship between work engagement that mediates inclusive leadership and psychological distress; and last, there is a significant positive between work engagement and OCB. The study recommends optimising leadership figures by providing reciprocal actions and always providing a sense of security when unexpected situations result in psychological distress and can also design prevention mechanisms when unexpected events occur.

References:

[1] Ahmed, F., Zhao, F., & Faraz, N. A. (2020). How and When Does Inclusive Leadership Curb Psychological Distress During a Crisis? Evidence From the COVID-19 Outbreak. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(August), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01898
[2] Babcock-Roberson, M. E., & Strickland, O. J. (2010). The relationship between charismatic leadership, work engagement, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 144(3), 313–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223981003648336
[3] Carmeli, A., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Ziv, E. (2010). Inclusive leadership and employee involvement in creative tasks in the workplace: The mediating role of psychological safety. Creativity Research Journal, 22(3), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2010.504654
[4] Cocker, F., Nicholson, J. M., Graves, N., Oldenburg, B., Palmer, A. J., Martin, A., Scott, J., Venn, A., & Sanderson, K. (2014). Depression in Working Adults: Comparing the Costs and Health Outcomes of Working When Ill. PLOS ONE, 9(9), e105430. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105430
[5] Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods 12th Edition. In Business Research Methods.
[6] Danish, riswan Q., Yasir, M., Muhammad, I. I., & Amina, A. (2014). Role of Organizational Learning, Climate and Justice on Teachers' Extra-Role Performance. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 4(1), 9–14.
[7] Data Jumlah Keadaan SDM. (n.d.). Retrieved June 14, 2022, from https://rsudsoediranms.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/STATISTIK-SDM2021.pdf
[8] Drapeau, A., Marchand, A., & Beaulieu-Prévost, D. (2012). Epidemiology of Psychological Distress. In Mental Illnesses - Understanding, Prediction and Control. https://doi.org/10.5772/30872
[9] Eriksen, W., Tambs, K., & Knardahl, S. (2006). Work factors and psychological distress in nurses' aides: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health, 6(1), 290. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-290
[10] Farh, J., Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1990). Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639001600404
[11] Farid, T., Iqbal, S., Ma, J., Castro-González, S., Khattak, A., & Khan, M. K. (2019). Employees' perceptions of CSR, work engagement, and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating effects of organizational justice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101731
[12] George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2007). Dual tuning in a supportive context: Joint contributions of positive mood, negative mood, and supervisory behaviors to employee creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 50(3), 605–622. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.25525934
[13] Hassan, S., & Jiang, Z. (2019). Facilitating Learning to Improve Performance of Law Enforcement Workgroups: The Role of Inclusive Leadership Behavior. International Public Management Journal, 24(1), 106–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2019.1680465
[14] Kahn W. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724.
[15] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (n.d.). Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/23022100001/kasus-covid-19- varian-baru-masih-ditemukan-perkuat-dengan-vaksinasi.html
[16] Mirowsky, J., & Ross, C. E. (2002). Measurement for a Human Science. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 152–170. https://doi.org/10.2307/3090194
[17] Moorman, R. H., & Harland, L. K. (2002). Temporary Employees as Good Citizens: Factors Influencing Their OCB Performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(2), 171–187. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019629330766
[18] Nelson, D. L., & Simmons, B. L. (2003). Health psychology and work stress: A more positive approach. Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology., 97–119. https://doi.org/10.1037/10474-005
[19] Nembhard, I. M., & Edmondson, A. C. (2006). Making it safe: The effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(7), 941–966. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.413
[20] Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: the good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books.
[21] Organ, D. W. (1990). The Motivational Basis Of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. In JAI Press Inc. (Vol. 12, pp. 43–72). https://doi.org/10.1080/026999496378729
[22] Ormel, J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (1991). Stability and Change in Psychological Distress and Their Relationship With Self-Esteem and Locus of Control: A Dynamic Equilibrium Model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(2), 288–299. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.2.288
[23] Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307
[24] Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, a. B. (2004). Utrecht work engagement scale Preliminary Manual Version 1.1. Occupational Health Psychology Unit Utrecht University, December, 1–60. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01350-000
[25] Wall, T. D., Bolden, R. I., Borrill, C. S., Carter, A. J., Golya, D. A., Hardy, G. E., Haynes, C. E., Rick, J. E., Shapiro, D. A., & West, M. A. (1997). Minor psychiatric disorder in NHS trust staff: Occupational and gender differences. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171(6), 519–523. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1192/bjp.171.6.519
[26] Wang, Y.-X., Yang, Y.-J., Wang, Y., Su, D., Li, S.-W., Zhang, T., & Li, H.-P. (2019). The mediating role of inclusive leadership: Work engagement and innovative behaviour among Chinese head nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 688–696. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12754
[27] Zhao, F., Ahmed, F., & Faraz, N. A. (2020). International Journal of Nursing Studies Caring for the caregiver during COVID-19 outbreak: Does inclusive leadership improve psychological safety and curb psychological distress? A cross-sectional study. 110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103725

Keywords:

Pandemic, Inclusive Leadership, Psychological Distress, OCB, Work Engagement.