Citation:

Md Al Amin, Md. Shahinul Islam, S M Al Imran, Nusrat Jahan, Md. Billal Hossain, Fahad Bin Asad, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun. "Urbanization and Economic Development: Opportunities and Challenges in Bangladesh" International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 3, No. 12, pp. 42-53, 2024.

Abstract:

Urbanization has developed into a prime engine of growth, especially in the burgeoning economies of Bangladesh. Thus, this paper discusses the interaction between urbanization and economic development, highlighting the opportunities that come with this shift and the challenges it brings. Using quantitative data from population metrics and economic performance, together with the qualitative input of interviews and surveys, this study does show that urbanization has come to play an important role in increasing productivity, developing infrastructures, and creating job opportunities in the more critical industries such as manufacturing and service. However, this very rapid growth of cities created significant problems that include locational inequalities, unchecked expansion, environmental degradation, and increasing incidence of urban poverty. The concentration of population in Dhaka cities places heavy pressure on the structure and public amenities, contributing to overcrowding, bottlenecks in traffic movement, and resource depletion. Additionally, the study presents a challenge for strategic planning of an urban environment as it presses for efficient governance and policies that benefit the economic gains in light of sustainability challenges. The findings depict the Janus face of urbanization-simultaneously a growth enhancer and a hotbed of major social challenges outcomes, which can benefit from insights into fostering resilient yet equitable urban development in Bangladesh.

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Keywords:

Urbanization, progress, Bangladesh, Challenges, Dhaka, Development, Rural population, Urban.