The Influence of Fundamental Factors and Corporate Governance on Tax Avoidance


International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies
© 2025 by IRJEMS
Volume 4  Issue 9
Year of Publication : 2025
Authors : Keshia Jovita, Haryo Suparmun
irjems doi : 10.56472/25835238/IRJEMS-V4I9P107

Citation:

Kesya Jovita, Haryo Suparmun. "The Influence of Fundamental Factors and Corporate Governance on Tax Avoidance" International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 4, No. 9, pp. 68-76, 2025. Crossref. http://doi.org/10.56472/25835238/IRJEMS-V4I9P107

Abstract:

Tax avoidance is an effort that companies often conduct to minimize the tax burden because it is within the framework of applicable tax regulations. This research aims to get empirical evidence about institutional ownership, audit committee, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, firm size, leverage, and profitability on tax avoidance. The objects of this research were consumer non-cyclicals and consumer cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 until 2022. The sampling method used was a purposive sampling method with 189 samples or 63 companies. This study used multiple regression analysis methods to analyze the data. The results indicate that firm size and profitability affect tax avoidance. If firm size and profitability increase, tax avoidance will also increase. Meanwhile, institutional ownership, audit committee, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, and leverage do not affect tax avoidance.

References:

[1] P. A. Fadhilah and S. Riyadi, “Pertanggungjawaban Sosial Perusahaan, Komisaris Independen, Capital Intensity Ratio, Dan Umur Perusahaan Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak,” Akunt. Responsib. Audit dan Tax, vol. 1, no. 02, 2018.
[2] Tax Justice Network, “The State of Tax Justice 2020,” 2020. https://taxjustice.net/reports/the-state-of-tax-justice-2020/.
[3] A. Pradipta and M. Siahaan, “Integrated GRC Strategies in Dynamic Business Environments,” Am. Int. J. Bus. Manag., vol. 07, no. 12, pp. 244–254, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://www.aijbm.com/current-issue/.
[4] M. Siahaan, T. D. Nauli, and B. P. Siahaan, “Can Internal Mechanisms Control Detect Corruption Through Fraudulent Behaviour ?,” AFRE Account. Financ. Rev., Vol. 7, no. No. 1, pp. 1–8, 2024, doi: 10.26905/afr.v7i1.11893.
[5] M. Siahaan, H. Suharman, T. Fitrijanti, and H. Umar, “Will the integrated GRC implementation be effective against corruption?,” J. Financ. Crime, vol. 30, no. No. 1, pp. 24–34, 2023, doi: 10.1108/jfc-12-2021-0275.
[6] C. Srimindarti, C. A. W, R. M. O, and P. Hardiningsih, “The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Company Size on Tax Avoidance,” J. Organ. Dan Manaj., vol. 18, no. 1, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.46799/jss.v2i4.176.
[7] M. Siahaan, “Akuntansi Executive Characteristics as Moderators: Accounting Conservatism and Tax Avoidance in Consumer Sectors,” vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 482–494, 2025, doi: 10.57178/atestasi.v8i2.1678.
[8] M. Siahaan and A. Susanti, “Interaction of financial fundamentals with managerial ownership in tax avoidance practices,” Am. Int. J. Bus. Manag., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 31–40, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://www.aijbm.com/current-issue/.
[9] F. H. Pangaribuan, J. F. HB, S. Agoes, J. Sihombing, and D. Sunarsi, “The Financial Perspective Study on Tax Avoidance,” udapest Int. Reseach Critics Indtitute-Journal, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 4998–5009, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i3.2287.
[10] N. P. Utami and M. Siahaan, “Company characteristics influence tax avoidance,” Media Bisnis, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 265–276, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://jurnaltsm.id/index.php/mb/article/view/2559/1528.
[11] V. A. Callista, M. Siahaan, and T. D. Nauli, “E-Profit Tax Avoidance and Company Characteristics in Non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange,” Econ. Prof. Action, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 138–150, 2024, doi: 10.37278/eprofit.v6i2.909.
[12] S. Sunarto, B. Widjaja, and R. M. Oktaviani, “The Effect of Corporate Governance on Tax Avoidance: The Role of Profitability as a Mediating Variable,” J. Asian Financ. Econ. Bus., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 217–227, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0217.
[13] Jensen Michael C. and William H. Meckling, “Theory of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure,” J. financ. econ., vol. 3, pp. 305–360, 1976, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X.
[14] M. Siahaan, “Use Big Theory Clarifies Financial Performance: The Role of Internal Mechanisms Control,” J. Account. Strateg. Financ., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 94–109, 2025, doi: 10.33005/jasf.v8i1.596.
[15] C. Gianchiara, A. Pradipta, and M. Siahaan, “Corporate Governance’s Role in Shaping Transfer Pricing Practices,” CASHFLOW, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 486–495, 2024, doi: 10.55047/cashflow.v3i4.1390.
[16] P. Della Ananda and M. Siahaan, “Tax Avoidance Affected by Audit Quality and Company Factors,” Media Bisnis, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 235–248, 2024, doi: 10.34208/mb.v16i2.2529.
[17] F. Egiana and D. Nurdiniah, “Pengaruh Profitabilitas Dan Financial Distress Terhadap Tax Avoidance Dengan Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi,” J. Mhs. Inst. Teknol. Dan Bisnis Kalbis, vol. 8, no. 4, 2022.
[18] A. Lutfia and D. Pratomo, “Pengaruh Transfer Pricing, Kepemilikan Institusional, Dan Komisaris Independen Terhadap Tax Avoidance (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012-2016),” E-Proceeding Manag., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 2386, 2018.
[19] N. Artinasari and T. Mildawati, “Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Likuiditas, Capital Intensity Dan Inventory Intensity Terhadap Tax Avoidance,” J. Ilmu Dan Ris. Akunt., vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 1–18, 2018.
[20] P. M. D. Fauzan and I. N. F. Arsanti, “The Effect of Financial Distress, Good Corporate Governance, and Institutional Ownership on Tax Avoidance (Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange,” J. Ris. Akunt. dan Keuang. Indones., vol. 6, no. 2, 2021.
[21] S. M. Ainniyya, A. Sumiati, and S. Susanti, “Pengaruh Leverage, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tax Avoidance,” Own. Ris. J. Akunt., vol. 5, no. 2, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v5i2.453.
[22] Y. Murni, E. Sudarmaji, and E. Sugihyanti, “The Role of Institutional Ownerships, Board of Independent Commissioner and Leverage: Corporate Tax Avoidance in Indonesia,” IOSR J. Bus. Manag., vol. 18, no. 11, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-1811017985.
[23] S. E. Effendi and M. Siahaan, “Pengaruh Ownership dan Faktor lainnya terhadap Nilai Perusahaan,” Media Bisnis, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 89–102, 2023, doi: 10.34208/mb.v15i1.2061.
[24] M. Siahaan, “Ability of auditors to detecting fraud: Professional skepticism and Emotional intelligence,” vol. 11, no. 03, pp. 48–57, 2025.
[25] G. Sambora and M. Siahaan, “Insights on Earnings Management: Findings from Indonesian Companies Study,” J. Akunt., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 112–122, 2025, doi: 10.28932/jam.v17i1.11567.
[26] A. M. Sianturi and M. Siahaan, “LOCAL GOVERNMENT: EXAMINING FACTORS AFFECTING,” vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1–11, 2024.
[27] R. A. H. Putri and A. Chariri, “Pengaruh Financial Distress Dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Praktik Tax Avoidance Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur,” E-Jurnal Akunt., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–11, 2017.
[28] R. Widuri, W. Wijaya, J. Effendi, and E. Cikita, “The Effect of Good Corporate Governance on Tax Avoidance of Listed Companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2015-2017,” J. Econ. Bus., vol. 2, no. 1, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.02.01.72.
[29] N. B. S. Hetharia, M. Siahaan, and B. P. Siahaan, “Company Listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange: Factors That Influence Company Value,” Econ. Prof. Action, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 120–130, 2024.
[30] P. Fauzan, M. D. Arsanti, and I. N. Fatchan, “The Effect of Financial Distress, Good Corporate Governance, and Institutional Ownership on Tax Avoidance (Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 Period),” Ris. Akunt. Dan Keuang. Indones., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 154–65, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://journals.ums.ac.id/index.php/reaksi/article/view/16126/7036.
[31] T. D. Sidauruk and N. T. P. Putri, “Pengaruh Komisaris Independen, Karakter Eksekutif, Profitabiltas Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tax Avoidance,” Stud. Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manaj., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 45–57, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.35912/sakman.v2i1.1498.
[32] B. H. Ramadhan and Suripto, “Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan, Sales Growth Dan Managerial Ownership Terhadap Tax Avoidance,” J. Ilm. Akunt. Dan Keuang., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 948–63, 2022.
[33] F. J. Pamungkas and Fachrurrozie, “The Effect of the Board of Commissioners, Audit Committee, Company Size on Tax Avoidance with Leverage as an Intervening Variable,” Account. Anal. J., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 173–82, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v10i3.51438.
[34] D. A. Fauzan, Wardan, and N. N. Nurharjanti, “The Effect of Audit Committee, Leverage, Return on Assets, Company Size, and Sales Growth on Tax Avoidance,” Ris. Akunt. dan Keuang. Indones., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 171–185, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v4i3.9338.
[35] P. A. Darsani and I. M. Sukartha, “The Effect of Institutional Ownership, Profitability, Leverage and Capital Intensity Ratio on Tax Avoidance,” Am. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 13–22, 2021.
[36] A. M. Krisna, “Pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusional Dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Pada Tax Avoidance Dengan Kualitas Audit Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi,” Wacana Ekon. (Jurnal Ekon. Bisnis Dan Akuntansi), vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 82–91, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.warmadewa.ac.id/index.php/wacana_ekonomi.
[37] S. Sonia and H. Suparmun, “Factors Influencing Tax Avoidance,” Adv. Econ. Bus. Manag. Res., vol. 73, pp. 238–243, 2019.

Keywords:

Tax Avoidance, Audit Committee, Independent Commissioner, Leverage.