Citation:

Sandeep Sundas, Dr. Subrata Saha. "Human Development Index (HDI) among Tea Plantation Workers of Dooars" International Research Journal of Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 168-180, 2023.

Abstract:

In one of a kind words, HDI is a measure of Life expectancy measures at birth, Adult literacy rate and the favored of living condition measured by using the gross national income. The rank for HDI tiers from zero to one. The transition of HDI rank is placed due to the enhancement in residing condition, exercise of convenient hygienic sanitation, fitness standards and literacy rate. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) ranks global areas in 4 tiers of development; Very High HDI, High HDI, Middle HDI and Low HDI. The transition is realized if the birth and demise rates are low. Life expectancy is based on factors like availability of prolonged foods grains, greater scientific offerings and applicable sanitation. Proper sanitation now not totally make bigger the environmental stipulations then once more moreover will lengthen the productiveness as the human beings are a total lot plenty much less susceptible to illnesses and thereby contributing multiplied to the broad income of the country. The tea plantation industry workers suffers more than one problem. Lower wages, inadequate sanitation and drinking waterand most importantly very poor educational attainment which ultimately reduces their standard of living. This paper tries to locate out about human development index of tea plantation workers focusing on developing the life expectancy with the aid of bettering the tremendous of existence and enhancement over health and sanitation and thereby growing the base of living. A random sample preference of a hundred and twenty tea plantation personnel households are chosen for the study.

References:

[1] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_terretories_by_Human_Development_Index
[2] Business standard, September 8, 2022
[3] ibid
[4] ibid
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[17] Status of tea garden labourers in eastern Himalaya: a case of Darjeeling tea industry, Vimal Khawas, 2016
[18] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dooars-Terai_tea_gardens
[19] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Bengal_Tea_Industry
[20] Ibid(14)
[21] Living condition of Tea Garden Labours of Sarusarai Tea garden of Jorhat district, Assam, Sangita Saikia, Supriyo Mishra and Bandita Mishra, 2014
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[37] Sangita Saikia, Supriyo Mishra and Bandita Mishra, Living condition of Tea Garden Labours of Sarusarai Tea garden of Jorhat district, Assam. (2014)
[38] Census 2012
[39] Tea Board of India annual reports.
[40] Human Development Reports.
[41] World Health Organization Report.
[42] Global Health Observatory Data Report.
[43] Report on Development Organization Water AID, March, 2015

Keywords:

HDI, sanitation, life expectancy, literacy, standard of living, tea plantation workers.